Nerve Terminal Dyes

A fixable red fluorescent nerve terminal probe that is spectrally identical to SynaptoRed™ C2 (also called FM®4-64).

HM1-43 is a fixable, activity-dependent fluorescent nerve terminal probe.

SGC5 is a coumarin styryl dye that binds to membranes in a manner similar to the FM® dyes. It becomes highly fluorescent upon insertion into lipid bilayers.

SGC3 is a coumarin styryl dye that binds to membranes in a manner similar to the FM® dyes. It becomes highly fluorescent upon insertion into lipid bilayers.

AM3-25 is a lipophilic styryl dye that has an amine group at the hydrophilic head. The amine group reacts with formaldehyde or glutaldehyde to make the dye fixable.

SynaptoGreen™ C5 is similar to SynaptoGreen™ C4 (70020), except that the lipophilic tail is one carbon longer.

SynaptoGreen™ C18 (equivalent to FM®3-25) is a membrane stain with a chemical structure similar to other nerve terminal dyes, except that it has the longest lipophilic tail (C18). Because of its large size, it is used as a control for ion channel permeability of nerve terminal dyes.

SynaptoGreen™ C1 has the shortest (one-carbon) lipophilic tail and is the most water soluble of the nerve terminal dye series. Thus it is expected to have the slowest on-rate and the fastest off-rate among the SynaptoGreen™ dyes.

SynaptoGreen™ C2 is more water soluble than SynaptoGreen™ C4 and thus has a faster de-staining rate than the latter.

AM4-65 is a fixable red fluorescent nerve terminal probe. The dye is spectrally identical to SynaptoRed™ C2 (equivalent to FM®4-64), but it has an additional amine group at the hydrophilic end of the molecule, making the dye fixable with formaldehyde or gluteraldehyde.

SynaptoRed™ C1 is similar to the widely used red fluorescent nerve terminal dye SynaptoRed™ C2 (also called FM®4-64) except that the lipophilic tail of SynaptoRed™ C1 is one carbon shorter than that of the SynaptoRed™ C2.

AM1-44 is a version of AM1-43 (catalog no. 70024) with improved fixability. The dye can also be used as a general probe for following endocytosis.

AM2-10 is a fixable analog of SynaptoGreen™ C2.

SCAS (4-Sulfonato calix[8]arene, sodium salt) is a quencher developed by Biotium to reduce background fluorescence when using our fixable AM dyes, SynaptoGreen and SynaptoRed dyes. Unlike ADVASEP-7, SCAS dramatically lowers background fluorescence as soon as it is added to the preparation without the need for repeated wash steps.

SynaptoRed™ C2M is a red fluorescent probe used to follow synaptic vesicles.

ADVASEP-7 is a sulfonated β-cyclodextrin derivative that has been reported to reduce background fluorescence when using SynaptoGreen C4 (also called FM1-43, catalog no. 70020) to stain brain slices.