Nerve Terminal Dyes

Nerve Terminal Staining Kits contain Biotium’s nerve terminal dyes and accessories for washing away or quenching extracellular dye fluorescence.

SynaptoGreen™ C1 has the shortest (one-carbon) lipophilic tail and is the most water soluble of the nerve terminal dye series. Thus it is expected to have the slowest on-rate and the fastest off-rate among the SynaptoGreen™ dyes.

SynaptoGreen™ C18 (equivalent to FM®3-25) is a membrane stain with a chemical structure similar to other nerve terminal dyes, except that it has the longest lipophilic tail (C18). Because of its large size, it is used as a control for ion channel permeability of nerve terminal dyes.

SynaptoGreen™ C2 is more water soluble than SynaptoGreen™ C4 and thus has a faster de-staining rate than the latter.

SynaptoGreen™ C3 is similar to SynaptoGreen™ C4 (70020), except that the lipophilic tail is one carbon shorter and also the hydrophilic end is a trimethylammonium group.

A widely used green fluorescent dye for following synaptic activity by staining synaptic vesicles at the synapse or neuromuscular junctions. When used in combination with the red fluorescent dye SynaptoRed™ (70021), synapses or neuromuscular junctions can be imaged independently in two colors.

SynaptoGreen™ C5 is similar to SynaptoGreen™ C4 (70020), except that the lipophilic tail is one carbon longer.

SynaptoRed™ C1 is similar to the widely used red fluorescent nerve terminal dye SynaptoRed™ C2 (also called FM®4-64) except that the lipophilic tail of SynaptoRed™ C1 is one carbon shorter than that of the SynaptoRed™ C2.

A widely used red fluorescent dye for following synaptic activity by staining synaptic vesicles at the synapse or neuromuscular junctions. When used in combination with the green fluorescent dye SynaptoGreen™ (70020), synapses or neuromuscular junctions can be imaged independently in two colors. SynaptoRed™ has also been used to study endocytosis in Dictyostelia.

SynaptoRed™ C2M is a red fluorescent probe used to follow synaptic vesicles.

ADVASEP-7 is a sulfonated β-cyclodextrin derivative that has been reported to reduce background fluorescence when using SynaptoGreen C4 (also called FM1-43, catalog no. 70020) to stain brain slices.

AM1-43 (equivalent to FM®1-43FX) is a fixable, activity-dependent fluorescent nerve terminal probe. AM1-43 functions similarly similarly to SynaptoGreen C4 (catalog # 70020), but with the additional property of being fixable.

AM1-44 is a version of AM1-43 (catalog no. 70024) with improved fixability. The dye can also be used as a general probe for following endocytosis.

AM2-10 is a fixable analog of SynaptoGreen™ C2.

AM3-25 is a lipophilic styryl dye that has an amine group at the hydrophilic head. The amine group reacts with formaldehyde or glutaldehyde to make the dye fixable.

AM4-64 is a fixable, activity-dependent fluorescent nerve terminal probe. AM4-64 functions similarly similarly as SynaptoRed™ C2 (#70021) (equivalent to FM®4-64), but with the additional property of being fixable.