Chloride, pH, Zinc & Other Indicators

Mag-Fura-2 is a UV-excitable fluorescent indicator for magnesium with a K_d of 1.9 mM (1,2).

Mag-Fura-2 is a UV-excitable fluorescent indicator for magnesium with a K_d of 1.9 mM.

Membrane-permeant AM ester form of Mag-Fluo-4, a fluorescent magnesium and calcium ion indicator that is an analog of Fluo-4.

Membrane-impermeant form of Mag-Fluo-4, a fluorescent magnesium and calcium ion indicator that is an analog of Fluo-4.

MQAE (N-(Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-6-methoxyquinolinium bromide) is an improved chloride indicator that has greater sensitivity to chloride than SPQ, and higher fluorescence quantum yield.

Nonionic detergent useful for solubilizing hydrophobic compounds to facilitate cell loading.

Ready-to-use solution of Pluronic® F-127, a nonionic detergent useful for solubilizing hydrophobic dye molecules such as AM esters of calcium indicator dyes to facilitate cell loading.

Ready-to-use solution of Pluronic® F-127, a nonionic detergent useful for solubilizing hydrophobic compounds like AM esters of calcium indicator dyes to facilitate cell loading.

The fluorescence of SPQ is specifically quenched by chloride via collision. Therefore, chloride concentration is measured by monitoring the degree of fluorescence decrease.

TPEN (Tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) is an excellent heavy metal chelator while it does not affect calcium, magnesium, sodium, or potassium concentrations. Thus, TPEN is a useful tool to identify effects of heavy metals (zinc, iron, copper, manganese, etc.) on fluorescent indicators for other ions.

Zinquin is an UV-excitable, blue fluorescent zinc indicator. Zinquin ethyl ester is membrane-permeable and is hydrolyzed into Zinquin free acid once entering cells.

Zinquin is an UV-excitable, blue fluorescent zinc indicator. Zinc is believed to be involved in the suppression of apoptosis and thought to play important roles in many neural activities.