Enzyme Substrates

Z-IETD-R110 is a substrate for caspase-8, which is involved at the early stage of apoptosis, acting as an initiator of the caspase activation cascade.

DMNPE-caged D-luciferin (D-Luciferin, 1-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)ethyl ester) is a D-luciferin ester derivative which can cross cell membranes efficiently.^1,2 Once inside the cells, the ester is continuously hydrolyzed to a supply of D-luciferin.

D-Luciferin is a substrate for the enzyme firefly luciferase. Chemiluminescence at 560 nm is generated when luciferin is oxidized by an ATP-dependent process, catalyzed by luciferase.

High purity resorufin that can be used as a standard for enzyme substrates whose end product is resorufin.

MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) is a tetrazolium salt that is commonly used to detect reductive metabolism in cells for viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. On reduction tetrazolium salts turn into deeply colored products that can be easily quantified by colorimetric measurement.

Resazurin (also known as alamarBlue™) is the N-oxide of the fluorescent dye resorufin and is useful for detecting reductive activities in cells. It has been widely used for measuring cell proliferation (1,2) and mitochondrial metabolic activity. Resazurin itself is non-fluorescent until it is reduced to the highly red fluorescent resorufin (λ_Ex/λ_Em: 563/587 nm).

H₂DCFDA (2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate) is a useful fluorogenic reagent to detect reactive oxygen intermediates in cells. On oxidation, H₂DCFDA becomes the highly green fluorescent 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein.

A pink derivative of BCIP that produces a pink colored (λ_max 540 nm) precipitate instead of the dark blue precipitate of BCIP. BCIP and derivatives are the most widely used chromogenic phosphatase substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase labeled proteins and are compatible with a variety of applications.

NBT and BCIP PINK are widely used together as a chromogenic phosphatase substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase labeled proteins in a variety of applications, such as immunohistochemistry, westerns, and in situ hybridization. This kit contains 100 mg each of BCIP Pink (10006) and the precipitation inducer NBT (10008).

BCIP/NBT are widely used together as a chromogenic phosphatase substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase labeled proteins in a variety of applications, such as immunohistochemistry, westerns, and in situ hybridization. This kit contains 100 mg each of BCIP sodium salt (10001) and the oxidant NBT (Nitro blue tetrazolium, 10008).

A water soluble formulation of the most widely used chromogenic phosphatase substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase labeled proteins in a variety of applications, such as immunohistochemistry, westerns, and in situ hybridization.

The most widely used chromogenic phosphatase substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase labeled proteins in a variety of applications, such as immunohistochemistry, westerns, and in situ hybridization. This form is soluble in DMF.

X-gal (5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-galactopyranoside) is the most widely used chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase. Enzyme hydrolysis of the substrate yields a dark blue colored precipitate (maximum absorbance 615 nm).

MUP, free acid (4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate, free acid) is a fluorogenic phosphatase substrate that releases the blue fluorescent dye 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin. MUP free acid and its salt (10010) are the most widely used fluorogenic substrates for alkaline phosphatase detection.

Alternate name: BCIG. X-GlcU (5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-glucuronide, cyclohexylammonium salt) is a chromogenic β-glucuronidase substrate widely used for monitoring E. coli contamination in food (such as meat, dairy products and shellfish, etc) and water, and for the detection of GUS gene expression in plants.

MUG (4-MU-glcUA; 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronic acid dihydrate), also known as MUGlcU, is a fluorogenic β-glucuronidase substrate that releases the blue fluorescent 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarinon enzymatic hydrolysis. The substrate is commonly used for identifying E. coli contamination and for detecting marker GUS gene expression in plants with high sensitivity.