Super-Resolution Microscopy

CF® Dyes for Super-Resolution

Validated in dozens of publications for STORM, STED, SIM, 2-photon, and other specialized applications

Validated for FLIM Imaging

Fluorescence lifetime data for CF® Dyes available for FLIM imaging, measured on a Stellaris 8 STED FALCON

Antibody Conjugates for STORM

A wide selection of pre-labeled secondary antibody conjugates with a low degree of labeling optimal for STORM

Labeling Kits, Bioconjugates, and Reactive CF® Dyes

Featuring rapid and efficient Mix-n-Stain™ STORM antibody labeling kits, cytoskeleton probes, and probes for other cellular structures

Validated Membrane and Organelle Stains

Unique stains for membranes, lysosomes, lipid droplets, and extracellular vesicles that are validated super-resolution microscopy.

Cellular Stains for Super-Resolution

Explore our full selection of cellular stains that are compatible for super-resolution microscopy.

The Best Probes for Super-Resolution

Super-resolution microscopy encompasses a broad family of imaging techniques that push beyond the diffraction limit of traditional light microscopy, revealing the finer details of biological structures. These techniques rely on extremely precise control over the excitation, emission, and image acquisition of fluorescently labeled cells and tissues. Consequently, the quality and efficiency of super-resolution imaging relies heavily on the fluorescent properties of the probe. Recent advances in super-resolution microscopy have demonstrated the importance of high-performance fluorescent probes.

CF® Dye Advantages for Super-Resolution

CF® Dyes have met this demand for high-performance fluorescent probes with industry-leading brightness and photochemical switching properties. Moreover, CF® Dyes have been published in dozens of studies for a wide range of super-resolution applications.

Features

Superior brightness and photochemical switching properties ideal for super-resolution imaging
Validated in dozens of publications for STORM, STED, SIM, 2-photon, TIRF, and more
Available in over 40 fluorophores across visible spectrum with several near-IR options
Unique dye options designed specifically for STORM

Superior Performance for STORM Imaging

Several CF® Dyes were developed and validated for optimal performance in Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM). This includes Biotium’s red-excited CF® Dyes such as CF®647, CF®660C, and CF®680 which display superior brightness and unique photoswitching properties that are ideal for STORM. However, while STORM imaging commonly relies on photoswitchable red-excited dyes, finding comparable dyes for other excitation sources to produce quality multi-color STORM images remains a challenge. In response, Biotium has developed several green-excited dyes developed for optimal performance in STORM.

Specifically, green-excited CF®583R and CF®597R were developed in collaboration with UC Berkeley and STORM scientist Ke Xu, PhD for exceptional performance in multi-color STORM imaging. In addition, green-excited CF®568 has also demonstrated better performance than Cy®3b. See below for a full list of validated CF® Dyes for STORM and available products.

Typical (d)STORM image of the actin cytoskeleton in a fixed COS-7 cell labeled by phalloidin-CF®583R. (d)STORM was performed under standard conditions using a s... See More

“Working closely with Biotium chemists and communicating the ideal chemical properties needed for optimal STORM dyes, our collaboration was able to yield a framework for developing more fluorescent colors that expand the color palette for multicolor STORM imaging.”

Dr. Ke Xu, Ph.D. Professor of Chemistry at UC Berkeley

Comparison of typical (d)STORM images obtained in fixed COS-7 cells for microtubules immunolabeled by different dyes. (d)STORM was performed under standard cond... See More

CF®568 (left) produces better images than Cy®3b (right) in 3-D STORM microscopy. Images courtesy of Sam Kenny and Professor Ke Xu, College of Chemistry, Univers... See More

Two-color (d)STORM super-resolution image of nuclear pores in a HeLa cell. Nuclear pore complex protein Nup133 (green) was detected with CF®583R-conjugated seco... See More

Nuclear pore complex protein Nup133 was detected with anti-Nup133 primary antibody (Abcam, ab155990) and See More

CF® Dyes for STORM Show Superior STORM Performance

Literature Digest

Literature Digest: CF® Dyes for STORM Super-Resolution Microscopy

VIew more resources

CF® Dyes Validated for STED and FLIM by STELLARIS

CF® Dyes were validated for high-quality super-resolution imaging of microtubules by Leica’s STELLARIS 8 STED FALCON platform. See the table on the right for fluorescent lifetime data of several CF® Dyes.

STED imaging of microtubules in U2OS cells. Microtubules were labeled with mouse anti-tubulin (DM1a) and anti-mouse CF®640R secondary antibody. Image acquired o... See More

Dye	τ (ns) /free acid in PBS pH 7.4, ε (ns)	τ (ns) /S.Ab§
CF®405S	3.88 ± 0.05	-
CF®488A	4.11 ± 0.05	1.705
CF®568	3.66 ± 0.05	1.539
CF®594	-	1.746
CF®633	3.39* (in water)	3*
CF®640R	2.38 ± 0.05	1.557
CF®647	1.07 ± 0.05	1.195
CF®680	1.23 ± 0.05	1.277
CF®680R	1.22 ± 0.05	1.6
CF®750	0.58 ± 0.05	0.636
CF®790	0.39 ± 0.05	0.54

Measurements were made on a Stellaris 8 STED FALCON microscope courtesy Leica Microsystems, Germany. § Fluorescence lifetime measurements of CF® Dye labeled anti-mouse secondary antibodies used for immunostaining microtubules in U2OS using mouse anti-tubulin (DM1a) and mounted in ProLong™ Diamond. *Lifetime data obtained via customer communication under different experimental conditions and imaging setup.

Confocal and TauSTED Xtend imaging of mammalian cells labeled with CF®440 Phalloidin. Scale bar: 2 µm. Sample courtesy of Brigitte Bergner, Mariano Gonzalez Pis... See More

Multicolor fixed sample. Confocal and TauSTED Xtend imaging of anti-NUP107 CF®680R. Scale bar: 2 µm. Sample courtesy of Brigitte Bergner, Mariano Gonzalez Pisfi... See More

Dye	Abs/Em (nm)	STORM	STED	SIM	2-Photon	TIRF	Other Applications	Features
CF®405S	411/431			✓		✓		• Brighter than Alexa Fluor® 405
CF®405M	416/452		✓	✓	✓			• More photostable than Pacific Blue™ • Excellent choice for SIM imaging
CF®440	433/512		✓					• More photostable than spectrally similar dyes
CF®488A	490/516	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	DNA-PAINT	• Less non-specific binding than Alexa Fluor® 488
CF®498	498/519	✓						• Less non-specific binding than Alexa Fluor® 488 • Use with CF®568/CF®583R and CF®647/Alexa Fluor®647 for multicolor STORM
CF®505	505/519	✓						• Identical to ATTO 488
CF®535ST	535/569	✓						• Orange dye designed specifically for STORM imaging
CF®555	554/568	✓¹		✓¹				• Brighter and more photostable than Cy®3 • Less non-specific binding than Alexa Fluor® 555
CF®568	562/584	✓¹	✓	✓		✓		• Yields much brighter conjugates than Alexa Fluor® 568 • Outperforms Cy®3b in STORM • Pairs well with CF®647 and CF®680 for multi-color STORM - see publication
CF®583R	585/609	✓¹						• One of two top-performing dyes specifically designed for STORM with green laser (also see CF®597R) - see publication
CF®594	593/615		✓		✓			• Significantly brighter than Alexa Fluor® 594 and Texas Red® • Extremely photostable
CF®597R	597/619	✓¹						• Deep-red fluorescent dye designed specifically for STORM • Top-performing dye specifically designed for STORM with green laser (also see CF®583R) - see publication
CF®633	629/650					✓	FIONA, gSHRImp, SMT	• Significantly brighter than spectrally similar far-red dyes • Far more photostable than Alexa Fluor® 647
CF®640R	642/663		✓	✓	✓	✓	FLImP	• Offers improved brightness and photostability over ATTO 647N and spectrally similar dyes
CF®647	652/668	✓¹						• Spectrally similar to Cy®5 and Alexa Fluor® 647 • Pairs well with CF®568 for multi-color STORM • The best far-red dye for demixing-based multi-color (d)STORM imaging when paired with CF®680 - see publication
CF®660R	662/682						SMLM, DNA-PAINT	• Much brighter than Alexa Fluor® 660 • The most photostable 660 nm dye • Validated for use with DNA-PAINT SMLM - see publication
CF®660C	667/685	✓¹					MINFLUX	• Much brighter and more photostable than Alexa Fluor® 660 • Ideal for long high-intensity 3D (d)STORM image acquisitions with minimal photobleaching - see publication
CF®680	681/698	✓¹					Dual-color 3D SMLM, MINFLUX	• The brightest among spectrally similar 680 nm dyes • Pairs well with CF®568 for multi-color STORM • The best near-IR dye for demixing-based multi-color (d)STORM imaging when paired with CF®647 - see publication
CF®680R	680/701	✓¹	✓		✓		Single-molecule spectroscopy, SMT	• The most photostable 680 nm dye • Suitable for labeling nucleic acids and small biomolecules
CF®750	755/779	✓						• Exceptionally bright and photostable near-IR dye • Patented pegylated dye for superior performance

A check mark indicates the respective dye has been published and/or validated for the application. Please contact techsupport@biotium.com for more information.

¹ Dye was validated in multi-color STORM experiments

FLImP: Fluorophore localization imaging with photobleaching; SIM: Structured illumination microscopy; STED: Stimulated emission depletion; STORM: Stochastical optical reconstruction microscopy; TIRF: Total internal reflection fluorescence; FIONA: Fluorescence imaging with one-nanometer accuracy; ExM: Expansion microscopy; SMT: Single-molecule tracking; SMLM: Single-molecule localization microscopy.

Hide Table

CF® Dye Products for Super-Resolution Microscopy

Antibody Labeling Kits

Our Mix-n-Stain™ STORM CF® Dye Antibody Labeling Kits allow you to label 50 ug of your antibody with one of Biotium’s STORM CF® Dyes to produce an antibody conjugate with a low 1-2.5 DOL (degree of labeling) optimal for super-resolution STORM (Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy). Labeling takes just 30 minutes, with minimal hands-on time and no purification. Click here to learn more about Biotium’s antibody labeling kits.

Features

Choice of 8 CF® Dye colors ideal for STORM
CF®583R and CF®597R are novel green-excited STORM dyes
Labeling optimized to provide low 1-2.5 DOL
Less than 30 seconds of hands-on time
30 minutes total reaction time
No purification, 100% recovery

Nanobody® Labeling Kits

Nanobodies® (also called camelid single variable or VHH domains), are smaller ~15 kDa single-domain antibodies that enable deeper tissue penetration, faster staining times, and improved access to tightly packed or masked epitopes—making them ideal for high-resolution and super-resolution imaging.

Biotium offers labeling kits designed specifically for labeling single-domain Nanobodies® with one of Biotium’s bright and photostable CF® Dyes.

Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Labeling Kits are for standard labeling of VHH, while the Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Thiol Labeling Kits were designed for labeling VHH containing a single cysteine (1x Cys) residue. The kits allow optimal labeling of between 5-50 ug of Nanobody®, with minimal hands-on time and no purification.

Biotium also offers MiniMab™ single-domain antibodies (SdAbs) labeled with best-in-class CF® Dyes for STORM. MiniMab™ SdAbs are available for popular neuroscience targets or as secondary antibodies.

Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Labeling Kit Features

Ideal for standard labeling of VHH
Label 5-20 ug or 20-50 ug Nanobody^®
Choice of 7 CF^® Dye colors or biotin
Simple 30 minute labeling, no purification
Compatible with common stabilizers
Prevents over-labeling

Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Thiol Labeling Kits Features

Designed for labeling VHH with a single cysteine (1x Cys) residue
Label 5-20 ug or 20-50 ug Nanobody^®
Choice of 7 CF^® Dye colors
Simple 2 hour labeling, no purification
No purification, 100% recovery

Single-Label Secondary Antibody Conjugates

Secondary antibodies with a low degree of labeling (DOL, or number of dye molecules per antibody molecule) have been reported to be optimal for STORM (Bittel et al. 2015). Biotium offers single-label secondary antibody conjugates with an average DOL of one for STORM applications.

Reactive CF® Dyes

Succinimidyl esters for labeling antibodies, proteins, or other amine-containing molecules
Maleimide and MTS CF® Dyes for labeling thiols
Aminooxy and hydrazide reactive CF® Dyes for labeling carbonyl groups or carbohydrates
Azides, alkynes, & BCN CF® Dyes for highly specific bioorthogonal labeling

Probes for Cytoskeleton and Other Cell Structures

Phalloidin conjugates for F-actin labeling available in 16 CF® Dyes. CF®647 and CF®680 phalloidins ideal for STORM imaging.
Con A, WGA, and PNA lectin CF® Dye conjugates for labeling glycoproteins and cellular surfaces
Streptavidin and biotinylated CF® Dye conjugates
CF® Dye nucleotides and probes for apoptosis, endocytosis, and other cellular processes

Learn More

Mix-n-Stain™ STORM CF® Dye Antibody Labeling Kits

Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Labeling Kits

Mix-n-Stain™ Nanobody Thiol Labeling Kits

Single Label CF® Dye Secondary Antibodies for STORM

Reactive CF® Dyes

CF® Dye Bioconjugates

Membrane & Organelle Stains for Super-Resolution

MemBrite® Fix for Specialized Imaging Applications

MemBrite® Fix Membrane Stains are novel reactive fluorescent dye stains that react irreversibly with cell surface proteins, for staining that can withstand formaldehyde or alcohol fixation, and detergent permeabilization. Several MemBrite® Fix dyes have been validated in super-resolution imaging applications or 2-photon microscopy. MemBrite® Fix-ST dyes are specialized dyes recommended for super-resolution imaging by STORM.

Features

Rapid, uniform cell surface labeling that can be fixed & permeabilized
Choose from 12 bright & photostable dye colors from blue to near-IR
MemBrite® Fix-ST designed specifically for STORM imaging
Several MemBrite® Fix colors validated for super-resolution and other specialized imaging applications

Figure 5. Cells were labeled with the indicated dye for 5 minutes at 37°C, then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 20 minutes at room temperature, followe... See More

Catalog number	Dye	Specialized applications
30092	MemBrite® Fix 405/430	SIM, TIRF
30093	MemBrite® Fix 488/515	STED, TIRF, 2-photon microscopy
30094	MemBrite® Fix 543/560	N/A
30095	MemBrite® Fix 568/580	SIM, STORM, TIRF
30096	MemBrite® Fix 594/615	2-photon microscopy
30097	MemBrite® Fix 640/660	FLImP, SIM, TIRF
30098	MemBrite® Fix 660/680	N/A
30099	MemBrite® Fix 680/700	STORM¹, Single-molecule imaging, STED, 2-photon microscopy
30101	MemBrite® Fix-ST 650/665	STORM
30102	MemBrite® Fix-ST 667/685	STORM
30103	MemBrite® Fix-ST 681/698	Single-molecule imaging, STORM
30104	MemBrite® Fix-ST 755/777	STORM

FLImP: Fluorophore localization imaging with photobleaching; SIM: Structured illumination microscopy; STED: Stimulated emission depletion; STORM: Stochastical optical reconstruction microscopy; TIRF: Total internal reflection fluorescence

1. MemBrite® Fix-ST 681/698 dye is reported to have better performance in STORM imaging than MemBrite® Fix 680/700 dye.

View Product Page

MemBrite® Fix Cell Surface Staining Kits

Lysosome & Lipid Stains Validated for Super-Resolution

LysoView™ Dyes are fluorescent stains for imaging lysosome localization and morphology in live cells. The dyes accumulate in the low pH environment of the lysosomes, resulting in highly specific lysosomal staining without the need for a wash step. LysoView™ 540 and LysoView™ 633 exhibit pH-sensitive fluorescence. LysoView™ 488 has been validated in super-resolution imaging by SIM, while LysoView™ 650 fluorophore is compatible with SIM and STED.

LipidSpot™ Lipid Droplet Stains are fluorogenic neutral lipid stains that rapidly stain lipid droplets. The dyes can be used to stain lipid droplets in both live and fixed cells, with no wash step required. Cells also can be fixed and permeabilized after staining. LipidSpot™ stains show minimal background staining of cellular membranes or other organelles, unlike dyes like Nile Red. Available with green or deep-red/far-red fluorescence.

View Product Page

LysoView™ Dyes

LipidSpot ™ Lipid Droplet Stains

LysoView™ 488 and LipidSpot™ 488 are Published for SIM

Highlighted Citation: In a publication in Light: Science & Applications, Dong et al. developed a dual-mode high-speed super-resolution microscope for live cells by combining optical diffraction tomography (ODT) with structured illumination microscopy (SIM). This novel technique, deemed super-resolution fluorescence assisted diffraction computational tomography (SR-FACT), was used to acquire ~100 nm resolution images merged with 3D imaging of live cells in real time. The authors validated the technique by visualizing organelles within COS-7 cells labeled by expressed GFP fusion proteins or synthetic fluorescent probes. SIM visualization of LysoView™ 488 and LipidSpot™ 488 were shown to colocalize in the ODT channel with lysosomes and lipid droplets respectively.

Figure 6. Confirmed visualization of cellular lysosomes and lipid droplets from ODT images. The regions enclosed by the dashed yellow boxes on the left are enla... See More

EV Stains Featuring STORM-Optimized CF® Dyes

Characterizing exosomes and EVs by imaging is challenging due to their small size and the resolution limits of conventional light microscopy. Super-resolution techniques like direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) overcome these limits, providing single-molecule resolution of subcellular structures such as EVs. This enables deeper insights into EV biogenesis, behavior, and morphology.

dSTORM images of human colorectal cancer cell line derived EVs. EVs were stained with CF®647 conjugated CD9/CD63/CD81 cocktail (magenta) with ExoBrite™ 560/585 ... See More

ExoBrite™ STORM Antibodies and ExoBrite™ STORM CTB EV Stains harness CF® Dyes optimized for STORM imaging, delivering ultra-bright, high-resolution EV imaging. The ExoBrite™ STORM Antibodies are formulated for detecting EV markers with high signal-to-noise, while ExoBrite™ STORM CTB EV Stains enable sharp, specific membrane labeling via cholera toxin subunit B. These advanced reagents provide exceptional clarity for STORM imaging.

Note: ExoBrite™ CTB stains have been found to label EVs derived from several tested cell lines, but may not stain EVs from every source. Please visit the product page to view a full list of validated EV sources.

Advantages of ExoBrite™ STORM Antibodies

Validated antibodies for detecting EV markers CD9, CD63, and CD81
Available with excellent STORM dyes
CF®498, CF®568, CF®583R, and CF®647Plus
Proprietary buffer for enhanced signal-to-noise
Available in 4 colors for FITC, Cy®3, Texas Red®, and Cy®5 channels

Advantages of ExoBrite™ STORM CTB EV Stains

Optimally formulated CTB conjugates for imaging EVs by STORM
Available with excellent STORM dyes CF®505, CF®583R, CF®647, and CF®680
Allows antibody co-staining and localization studies with EV biomarkers

ExoBrite™ STORM Antibodies

Antibody	Conjugates	Detection Channels	Catalog Number
ExoBrite™ STORM CD9 Antibody	CF®498 CF®568 CF®583R CF®647Plus	FITC Cy®3 Texas Red® Cy®5	P003-498ST-500 P003-568ST-500 P003-583RST-500 P003-647PST-500
ExoBrite™ STORM CD63 Antibody	CF®498 CF®568 CF®583R CF®647Plus	FITC Cy®3 Texas Red® Cy®5	P004-498ST-500 P004-568ST-500 P004-583RST-500 P004-647PST-500
ExoBrite™ STORM CD81 Antibody	CF®498 CF®568 CF®583R CF®647Plus	FITC Cy®3 Texas Red® Cy®5	P005-498ST-500 P005-568ST-500 P005-583RST-500 P005-647PST-500
ExoBrite™ STORM CD9 (Mouse) Antibody	CF®568 CF®647Plus	Cy®3 Cy®5	P018-568ST-500 P018-647PST-500
ExoBrite™ STORM CD63 (Mouse) Antibody	CF®568 CF®647Plus	Cy®3 Cy®5	P022-568ST-500 P022-647PST-500
ExoBrite™ STORM CD81 (Mouse/Rat) Antibody	CF®568 CF®647Plus	Cy®3 Cy®5	P019-568ST-500 P019-647PST-500

Show Table

ExoBrite™ STORM CTB EV Staining Kits

Product	Ex/Em (nm)	Laser Line(s) (nm)	Detection Channel	Size	Catalog Number
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®505 CTB EV Staining Kit	505/519	488	FITC	100 Labelings	30115-T
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®505 CTB EV Staining Kit	505/519	488	FITC	500 Labelings	30115
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®583R CTB EV Staining Kit	583/609	555 or 561	Rhodamine or Texas Red®	100 Labelings	30116-T
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®583R CTB EV Staining Kit	583/609	555 or 561	Rhodamine or Texas Red®	500 Labelings	30116
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®647 CTB EV Staining Kit	652/668	633-640	Cy®5	100 Labelings	30117-T
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®647 CTB EV Staining Kit	652/668	633-640	Cy®5	500 Labelings	30117
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®680 CTB EV Staining Kit	681/698	633-640	Cy®5.5	100 Labelings	30118-T
ExoBrite™ STORM CF®680 CTB EV Staining Kit	681/698	633-640	Cy®5.5	500 Labelings	30118

Show Table

Cellular Stains Validated for Super-Resolution

Localization	Product	Catalog Number	Abs/Em (nm)	STORM	STED	SIM	2-Photon	TIRF	Other Applications
Nucleus	Hoechst 33342	40046, 40047	352/458 (with DNA)			✓	✓	✓
	DAPI	40011, 40009, 40043	358/461 (with DNA)			✓	✓	✓
	Oxazole Yellow Homodimer (YOYO®-1)	40090	491/509 (with DNA)	✓
	NucSpot® Live 488	40081	503/518			✓			Multiview confocal microscopy
	NucSpot® Live 650	40082	655/681	✓	✓	✓
	NucView® 405	10405, 10407	428/472				✓
Membrane /Cell Surface	MemBrite® Fix 405/430	30092	405/430			✓
	MemBrite® Fix 488/515	30093	488/515		✓		✓	✓
	MemBrite® Fix 568/580	30095	568/580	✓		✓		✓
	MemBrite® Fix 594/615	30096	594/615				✓
	MemBrite® Fix 640/660	30097	640/660			✓		✓	FLImP
	MemBrite® Fix 680/700	30099	680/700	✓	✓		✓		Single-molecule imaging
	MemBrite® Fix-ST 650/665	30101	650/665	✓
	MemBrite® Fix-ST 667/685	30102	667/685	✓
	MemBrite® Fix-ST 681/698	30103	681/698	✓					Single-molecule imaging
	MemBrite® Fix-ST 755/777	30104	755/777	✓
	CellBrite® Fix 488	30090	480/513			✓
	CellBrite® Fix 555	30088	542/570			✓
	CellBrite® Steady 550	30107	562/579	✓
	CellBrite® Steady 650	30108	656/676	✓
	CellBrite® Steady 685	30109	686/708	✓
	CellBrite® Red	30023	644/665				✓
	SynaptoGreen™ C4 (FM®1-43)	70020, 70022	480/598 (in membranes)				✓
Cytoplasm	ViaFluor® CFSE	30050	495/515				✓
Microtubules	ViaFluor® 647	70063	650/675		✓	✓
Lysosomes	LysoView ™ 488	70067	506/532			✓
Lysosomes	LysoView™ 650	70059	650/675		✓	✓
Lipid Droplets	LipidSpot™ 488	70065	427/585			✓
EVs & Exosomes	ExoBrite™ STORM CTB CF®505	30115	505/519	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CTB CF®583R	30116	583/609	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CTB CF®647	30117	652/668	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CTB CF®680	30118	681/698	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD9 Antibody	P003-498ST-500 P003-568ST-500 P003-583RST-500 P003-647PST-500	498/519 nm 562/584 nm 585/609 nm 652/668 nm	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD63 Antibody	P004-498ST-500 P004-568ST-500 P004-583RST-500 P004-647PST-500	498/519 nm 562/584 nm 585/609 nm 652/668 nm	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD81 Antibody	P005-498ST-500 P005-568ST-500 P005-583RST-500 P005-647PST-500	498/519 nm 562/584 nm 585/609 nm 652/668 nm	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD9 (Mouse) Antibody	P018-568ST-500 P018-647PST-500	562/584 nm 652/668 nm	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD63 (Mouse) Antibody	P022-568ST-500 P022-647PST-500	562/584 nm 652/668 nm	✓
	ExoBrite™ STORM CD81 (Mouse/Rat) Antibody	P019-568ST-500 P019-647PST-500	562/584 nm 652/668 nm	✓
Ion Indicators	Fura-2, AM Ester	50033, 50034, 50033-1	363/512 (no Ca²⁺) 335/505 (high Ca²⁺)				✓
	Fura-2, AM Ester, 1 mM Solution	50029					✓
	Fura-2, Pentaammonium Salt	50030					✓
	Fura-2, Pentapotassium Salt	50031					✓
	Fura-2, Pentasodium Salt	50032					✓
Oxidative Stress	10-Acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine (Amplex® Red)	10061	571/585 (end product)				✓
Cell Tracing	Lucifer Yellow CH, lithium salt	80015	428/536				✓
	Lucifer Yellow CH, lithium salt, 100 mM in water	80026					✓
	Lucifer Yellow CH, potassium salt	80016					✓

A check mark indicates the respective dye is compatible for the indicated application. For more information on compatibility of our cellular stains with super-resolution applications please email techsupport@biotium.com

FLImP: Fluorophore localization imaging with photobleaching; SIM: Structured illumination microscopy; STED: Stimulated emission depletion; STORM: Stochastical optical reconstruction microscopy; TIRF: Total internal reflection fluorescence; ExM: Expansion microscopy.

Hide Table

NANOBODY is a registered trademark of Ablynx.

Product Spotlight

Mix-n-Stain™ STORM CF® Dye Antibody Labeling Kits

Low DOL antibody conjugation for STORM made easy—label in 30 minutes with specialized CF® Dyes, no purification needed.

Donkey Anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed donkey anti-goat IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

Donkey Anti-Guinea Pig IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed donkey anti-guinea pig IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed donkey anti-mouse IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed donkey anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), Highly Cross-Adsorbed, CF® Dye Conjugates, Single Label for STORM

Highly cross-adsorbed goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) secondary antibody with a single CF® Dye label for STORM.

ExoBrite™ STORM CD63 Antibody

Validated CD63 antibody for detection of EVs and conjugated to high-performance CF® Dyes for STORM.

Resources That Fuel Bright Ideas

View All Resources

Blog

CF® Dyes for STORM Super-Resolution Microscopy

View All Resources

FAQs

What are the quantum yields of CF® dyes?

There is no simple answer to this question as the quantum yield of a fluorescent dye can vary widely, depending on the dye’s micro-environment. For example, the quantum yield of a dye attached to a protein may be very different from the quantum yield of the free dye. For dyes attached to a protein, the quantum yield is highly dependent on how many molecules of the dye are attached to the protein (i.e. degree of protein labeling). In general, a higher degree of protein labeling leads to a lower dye quantum yield due to fluorescence quenching via dye-to-dye interaction. For this reason, as the degree of labeling increases, fluorescence intensity of the labeled protein will eventually reach a maximum and start to decline thereafter. In fact, one of the best ways to compare the relative quantum yields of different dyes is to plot the total fluorescence of the labeled proteins as a function of degree of labeling by the dyes as we have done with CF® dyes and other commercial dyes. CF® dyes generally give higher slopes than other commercial dyes in the plots, suggesting less quantum yield decline with increasing degree of protein labeling.

Can LipidSpot™ Lipid Droplet Stains be used on tissue sections?

LipidSpot™ stains may be used on fresh or PFA-fixed tissue cryosections, similar to Nile Red or BODIPY dyes. However, lipid droplets may not be well fixed in tissue sections, so discrete lipid droplet staining may not be preserved. Paraffin embedded sections are not recommended, because paraffin tissue processing extracts cellular lipids. Similarly, methanol or acetone fixation of cryosections may extract lipids, and is not recommended.

Mounting medium also may disrupt LipidSpot™ staining. We’d recommend either mounting tissue sections in PBS, or using a glycerol-based mounting medium like EverBrite™ Mounting Medium, and imaging within one day of mounting. FluoroShield Mounting Medium is not compatible with LipidSpot™ staining.

Where can I find technical details for all of the CF® Dyes?

See our CF® Dye Quick Reference Table for a list of dyes and summary of their features. Our CF® Dye Selection Guide has more detailed information on each CF® Dye, and ordering information for our various CF® Dye product lines. You can download the normalized absorption and emission spectra of all CF® Dyes in csv format from the spectra viewer.

View more FAQs